# item.guide

Volleyball

Authority: FIVB Rules ยง1.1

Direct Answer Extract

An official indoor volleyball court measures 18 meters long by 9 meters wide. The attack line is drawn 3 meters from the center line. Regulation net height is 2.43 meters for Men and 2.24 meters for Women.

Parameter / Specification Standard Value Unit
Court Length 18.00 m (59 ft)
Court Width 9.00 m (29.5 ft)
Men's Net Height 2.43 m
Women's Net Height 2.24 m

History & Origin

Volleyball was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan, physical director at the YMCA in Holyoke, Massachusetts, who wanted a less physically demanding alternative to basketball for his classes of businessmen. He called his creation "Mintonette," blending elements of basketball, baseball, tennis, and handball. After a demonstration, a fellow YMCA official, Alfred T. Halstead, noted that the defining action of the game was volleying the ball back and forth, and suggested the more descriptive name "Volley Ball" -- the change became official when the sport entered the YMCA's sports handbook in 1896.

Like basketball, volleyball spread rapidly through the YMCA network before national and international federations, including the FIVB, took over standardizing its rules and court dimensions.

Why the Net Height Differs by Gender -- and by Surface

The 19-centimeter gap between the men's (2.43m) and women's (2.24m) net heights is proportional to the average difference in height and jumping ability between male and female elite athletes, keeping attacks and blocks similarly competitive at both heights rather than lopsided in either direction.

The court itself also shrinks entirely for beach volleyball, which uses a 16-by-8-meter court -- two meters narrower and one meter shorter than the 18-by-9-meter indoor court described here. The smaller footprint accounts for the difficulty of moving through sand and the fact that beach volleyball is played two-a-side rather than six-a-side, so each smaller team needs less ground to cover than a full indoor squad.